Isolate and diagnose fungi producing Mycotoxins accompaniment for apples imported and local and test the efficiency of a number of integrated control programs to control it
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59658/jkas.v2i1.453Keywords:
ثمار التفاح,المكافحة المتكاملة,الفطريات,Aspergillus niger ,Bacillus polymyxaAbstract
This study was conducted to isolate and diagnose fungi associated with apples imported and domestic, and test the effectiveness of a number of integrated pest management programs in control.
Results showed a solitary existence fungal genera Aspergillus and Penicillium following and Fusarium and Rhizopus, and was Aspergillus niger fungus is most visible in the apples it reached 81.9% increase in imported fruits and 51.1% in local fruits.
And the detected the chemical using a technique plates Alkromatokravaa thin layer (TLC) Thin Layer Chromatgraphy that eleven isolates of the fungus A .niger of between fourteen isolation (88%) producing toxin aflatoxin B1, as shown by the results of chemical analysis that sixteen isolation of the fungus A. niger total of 20 isolates (80%) were able to secrete toxin ochratoxin A.
The results showed solitary existence two isolate of bacteria have the ability to contrast fungus A.niger and given the isolation of bacteria Bp4 Bacillus polymyxa isolated from apples highest percentage inhibition of the fungus as it stood at 88% and the results showed also that the integrated control program which consists of isolation Bp4 material with sodium bicarbonate and treatment heat is the best in terms of the capacity to combat the rot caused by the fungus A.niger, as the percentage of infection of the fungus A.niger 8.33% and a difference of significantly for increase in the control treatment (fruits treatment vaccine A. niger fungus only), amounting to 41.66% while the percentage of infection of injury fruits and applied the same program by 58% at a time when the percentage of infection in the treatment of comparison 91.66.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2015 Journal of Kerbala for Agricultural Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Licensing Terms
All articles are published under a Creative Commons License and will be directed to the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License That permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.
Use by non-commercial users
For non-commercial and non-promotional purposes individual users may access, download, copy, display, and redistribute the articles to colleagues, as well as adapt, translate, text- and data-mine the content subject to the following conditions:
- The author's moral rights are not compromised. These rights include the right of "paternity" (also known as "attribution" - the right for the author to be identified as such) and "integrity" (the right for the author not to have the work altered in such a way that the author's reputation, or integrity may be impugned).
- Where content in the article is identified as belonging to a third party, it is the obligation of the user to ensure that any reuse complies with the copyright policies of the owner of that content.
- If article content is copied, downloaded, or otherwise reused for non-commercial research and education purposes, a link to the appropriate bibliographic citation (authors, journal, article title, volume, issue, page numbers, DOI, and the link to the definitive published version on JKAS website) should be maintained.
- Copyright notices and disclaimers must not be deleted.
- Any translations, for which a prior translation agreement with JKAS has not been agreed, must prominently display the statement: "This is an unofficial translation of an article that appeared in an FSP publication. The publisher has not endorsed this translation."
Use by commercial "for-profit" organizations
Use of JKAS Open Access articles for commercial, promotional, or marketing purposes requires further explicit permission from JKAS (journal.agri@uokerbala.edu.iq) and will be subject to a fee.
The commercial purposes include:
Copying or downloading of articles, or linking to such articles for further redistribution, sale, or licensing; Copying, downloading, or posting by a site or service that incorporates advertising with such content; The inclusion, or incorporation of article content in other works, or services (other than normal quotations with an appropriate citation) that is then available for sale or licensing, for a fee (for example, a compilation produced for marketing purposes, inclusion in a sales pack); Use of article content (other than normal quotations with appropriate citation) by for-profit organizations for promotional purposes; Linking to article content in e-mails redistributed for promotional, marketing or educational purposes; Use for the purposes of monetary reward by means of sale, resale, license, loan, transfer or other form of commercial exploitation such as marketing products; Print reprints of articles can be purchased from journal.agri@uokerbala.edu.iq.
Permissions
- No special permission is required to reuse all, or part of the article published by JKAS, including figures and tables for non-commercial purposes.
- Any part of the article may be reused, for non-commercial purposes, without permission provided that the original article is cited.
- Reuse of an article does not imply endorsement by the authors, JKAS