control on fungal rot tomato and cucumber fruits using the best concentration of aloe vera extract
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59658/jkas.v2i1.465Keywords:
Aloe vera L. Fusarium pseudoanthophilum , aphanidermatum PythiumAbstract
This study included isolation and diagnose the fungi causing damage and rot of cucumber and tomato fruits after harvest .And determine the best concentration of of aloe vera extract that inhibits fungal growth and sporulation .The ability of this extract in protecting tomato and cucumbers fruits under cold storage conditions .
Alternaria alternata , Drechslera australiensis , Fusarium pseudoanthophilum and Pythium aphanidermatum were isolation from tomato and cucumbers fruits showing symptoms . The fungus F. pseudoanthophilum was recorded for the first time in Iraq as causer of tomato and cucumber fruits rot . Aspergillus niger , A. oryzae , A. terreus and Penicillium chrysogenum fungi were isolated from fruits surfaces by dilution method .
Results revealed that all concentrations of Aloe vera extract inhibited tested fungi and the concentrate of 20% was the most effective where the inhibition after 72 hours were 82.53. The results extract was capable to prevent the growth of P. aphanidermatum completely .The extract inhibited the germination of A. alternata 4 and Penicillium chrsogenum spores by 70.62 and 67.61% respectively .The inhibition percentage of isolates spores 1, 2 and 3 of A. alternata were 54.7 , 64.46 and 60. 57%, respectively, and for D.australiensis spores were 49.04% .
Results of applied experiments revealed the ability to use Aloe vera extraction in protecting tomatoes and cucumber fruits from infection with rot after harvest under cold condition . The average growth of A.alternata , D.australiensis F.pseudoanthophilum and P.aphanidermatum after after 20 days Aloe vera extracted treatment gave 0.09,0.07 0.12 and 0.16 cm respectively compared with the control which gave 0.12 , 0.12 ,0.17 and 0.22 cm respectively . After 25 days the growth was 0.17 , 0.15 , 0.25 and 0.35 cm respectively compared to the control treatment which gave 0.20 , 0.15 , 0.31 and 0.49 cm, respectively .
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