Complex of Salvation in Kafka's The Trial and Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter: A Comparative study

الملخص

This comparative study examines the theme of salvation in Franz Kafka's The Trial and Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter from the perspectives of psychoanalytic theory and existentialism. The research examines the paths of the protagonists, Josef K. and Hester Prynne, to redemption or despair, investigating the influence of societal structures, individual guilt, and existential anxiety. The complicated dynamics of judgment and liberation are emphasized by Kafka's critique of bureaucratic absurdity and Hawthorne's interrogation of Puritanical moral rigidity. This research addresses a critical gap by examining the relationship between internal psychological conflicts and external societal pressures in these texts, which provides novel perspectives on their general usefulness. The research depicts the convergence of the existential conflict for meaning and the psychoanalytic investigation of repression and identity, which clarifies the multiple aspects of salvation in literature.