Karbala Journal of Medicine https://journals.uokerbala.edu.iq/index.php/kj <p><strong>K</strong>arbala Journal of Medicine (<strong>ISSN:</strong> 1990-5483 (Print)) published every six months by Karbala Medical College. The journal welcomes original articles, case reports and letters to editor in all fields relevant to medicine. Review articles are usually by invitation only. However, review articles of high standards will be considered. English languages must be used.</p> en-US ali.aljanabi@uokerbala.edu.iq (Professor Ali Abul Hussein S. AL-Janabi) kawther.h@uokerbala.edu.iq (Kawther Hassan) Sun, 30 Jun 2024 09:58:06 +0000 OJS 3.3.0.5 http://blogs.law.harvard.edu/tech/rss 60 Motivators and Barriers to Physical Activity among Healthcare Providers in Karbala City https://journals.uokerbala.edu.iq/index.php/kj/article/view/1321 <p><strong>Background:</strong> Physical inactivity is a major risk factor for non-communicable diseases and premature mortality. Promoting physical activity among healthcare professionals is important, yet little research has examined this population in Iraq.</p> <p><strong>Aim:</strong> to assess physical activity motivators and barriers to physical activity among health providers in Karbala City, Iraq.</p> <p><strong>Methods:</strong> A cross-sectional study was conducted among 800 healthcare professionals from selected hospitals and primary care centers in Karbala using validated questionnaires on physical activity (IPAQ), motivation (SMS-28), and barriers. Physical activity levels, motivations, and barriers were analyzed overall and by socio-demographics.&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> Approximately one-third (33.6%) were classified as physically inactive. No significant differences existed across gender, age groups, or type of healthcare staff. Key motivators were intrinsic factors like accomplishment, experience stimulation and knowledge. Top barriers were fear of injury, lack of skill, and social influences.&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> High rates of physical inactivity among healthcare professionals highlight the need for targeted workplace strategies, leveraging intrinsic motivation and addressing barriers around skills, environment and safety concerns. Further research should explore causative factors and assess the impact of tailored interventions. Healthcare organizations play a pivotal role in prioritizing staff wellness to catalyze broader cultural shifts.</p> <p><strong>Keywords:</strong> Karbala, health providors, physical activity, motivators, barriers</p> Waleed Khalid Al-Najafi, Naeem Obaid Talal, Hamid Hussein Alkelaby, Rawnaq Abdulrazzaq Ali, Taghreed Abd Alridha , Haider Kamil Nahidh Copyright (c) 2024 Karbala Journal of Medicine https://journals.uokerbala.edu.iq/index.php/kj/article/view/1321 Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000 A newly Diagnosed Female Breast Cancer in Karbala: Demographic, Clinical, and Histopathological Characteristics https://journals.uokerbala.edu.iq/index.php/kj/article/view/1370 <p><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> <p><strong>Background: </strong>Breast cancer is considered as a significant public health issue due to its high incidence, prevalence, and mortality rate. It is a multi - faceted disease with both environmental and genetic causal factors. It is the first of the 10 most popular tumors triggering public concern in Iraq, compensating for 20% of all cancers and approximately 33 percent of total of female cancers.</p> <p><strong>Materials and methods:</strong> This retrospective study was accomplished at the Breast Clinic, Al-Hussein Teaching Medical City, Karbala province, Iraq from September 2020 to March 2021. The study enrolled a randomly selected group of women (70 patients) newly diagnosed as breast cancer. The study included all women attending the breast clinic diagnosed a breast cancer based on clinical examination in combination with positive imaging findings and confirmed by pathological assessment. The data was collected for those patients including; demographical, clinical and histopathological findings and were statistically analyzed.</p> <p><strong>Results:</strong> The mean age at time of diagnosis was (52.24±10.52) years and the mean body mass index was (26.80±4.23 kg/m<sup>2</sup>). A family history of breast cancer was recorded in (21.4%) of patients. most patient were presented with painless palpable mass (74.3%). Stage II breast cancer was the most frequent stage and invasive ductal carcinoma was the most common histological type (74.3%). Most cases were expressed positive for both estrogen and progesterone receptors while was negative in (84.3%) for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion:</strong> a significant proportion of breast cancer patients in Iraq have locally advanced disease with the most common complaint being a painless breast lump at time of diagnosis.</p> <p><strong>Key words:</strong> breast cancer, invasive ductal carcinoma, immunohistochemistry.</p> anwar alhashimy Copyright (c) 2024 Karbala Journal of Medicine https://journals.uokerbala.edu.iq/index.php/kj/article/view/1370 Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000 The Value Diagnostic of Procalcitonin and Complete Blood Count in Patients with Sepsis due to Community -Acquired Pneumonia. https://journals.uokerbala.edu.iq/index.php/kj/article/view/1453 <p><strong>Background</strong><strong> :</strong>Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) the acute infection of lung tissue in a patient who has acquired it from the community.The most common bacterial pneumonia complications are sepsis .it is a life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a deregulated host response to infection<strong> . Objective</strong> : This research aims to to find potential value diagnostic for Procalcitonin (PCT) and Complete Blood Count (CBC) markers, which could provide diagnostic and prognostic value markers for community -acquired pneumonia &nbsp;and sepsis. <strong>Materials and Methods</strong>: The samples were (120) &nbsp;participated&nbsp; divided into (20) patients of sepsis due&nbsp; to CAP , (60) patients with &nbsp;bacterial CAP and (40) control&nbsp; were collected&nbsp; blood samples from both males and females patients between the age of (23-95 years) and the average age was (54.9 , 72.5 and 51.4 years) for the three groups &nbsp;in the study. All the samples were diagnosis by doctor specializing in respiratory and chest diseases, at Imam &nbsp;Al-Sadiq Hospital in Babylon Governorate, and a doctor specializing in Internal Medicine at Imam&nbsp; Al-Hussein Medical City in Kerbela Governorate during the period &nbsp;December 2022 to June 2023. the PCT were estimated by &nbsp;using automated a combination of Up-converting Phosphor Technology (UPT) and immunochromatography and CBC results by using automated&nbsp;haematology&nbsp;analyzers Sysmex XN -2000.&nbsp;<strong>Results</strong>: the results&nbsp; showed high&nbsp; significant differences regarding most investigated parameters (PCT,WBC, Lym, Mono,Gra , Lym % , Mono%, Gra%, HCT and&nbsp; N/L ratio .) at P value &lt; 0.000 expect HGB at P &nbsp;value &nbsp;&lt; 0.002 and PLT / L &nbsp;at P value &lt; 0.001 while PLT&nbsp; there is no significant differences at P value &lt; 0.094 and &nbsp;also &nbsp;showed the&nbsp;&nbsp; PCT, WBC,GRA,GRA % ,N/L ratio and PLT/L ratio were&nbsp; elevated in patients of CAP and sepsis due to CAP compared to control while reduced&nbsp; the results of the LYM, LYM %,HGB and HCT&nbsp; in patients of CAP and sepsis due to CAP compared to control .<strong>Conclusion</strong>: &nbsp;Our results showed that PCT ,&nbsp; WBC , GRA , GRA% ,NLR and PLR were &nbsp;more valuable marker&nbsp; for the diagnosis the patients with CAP and Sepsis due to CAP&nbsp; than other CBC parameters.</p> Jaafar Salman Jasim AL-Banaa, Najeh Hashem Kadhum, Sattar Jabbar Rahi, Hameed Abdulhasan Alhibaly, Monqith abdulmohsin Aljanabi Copyright (c) 2024 Karbala Journal of Medicine https://journals.uokerbala.edu.iq/index.php/kj/article/view/1453 Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000 the Influence of perceived leadership styles on burnout among nurses https://journals.uokerbala.edu.iq/index.php/kj/article/view/1526 <p>The study examines the relationship between nurses' job burnout and leadership styles in Karbala city teaching hospitals. The research was conducted in Iraq, in the city of Karbala, and included 324 nurses to explore how leadership styles and demographic factors affect job burnout. The results reveal a relationship between leadership style and reduced burnout among nurses, suggesting that effective leadership can positively impact nurses' well-being. Most of the participants were young people, and females constituted a large proportion of the sample. This study emphasizes the importance of leadership in alleviating nurse burnout and improving overall job satisfaction.</p> Israa Nama Hashem Copyright (c) 2024 Karbala Journal of Medicine https://journals.uokerbala.edu.iq/index.php/kj/article/view/1526 Sun, 30 Jun 2024 00:00:00 +0000