Some aspects of integrated management to control the pomegranate fruit worm Ectomyelois ceratoniae (Zell.) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59658/jkas.v11i3.2348Keywords:
pomegranate fruit worm, Trigard, parasitoid, IPMAbstract
The biological efficiency of the parasitoid Apanteles plutellae and the Insect Growth Inhibitor IGR Trigard 75 WP to control the pomegranate fruit worm Ectomyelois ceratoniae(Zell.) was studied. The duration of exposure of the host larvae positively affected the efficiency of the parasite and its biological performance with different exposure durations of 72, 48, and 24 hours. The rate of eggs laid by females also increased directly with increasing time period, as the percentage of larvae infected by the parasite reached 90% at the time period exposure for 72 hours. The number of parasite larvae and pupae produced reached 52.50 and 35.75, respectively, for the same period, while the percentage of infected host larvae was 35.75%. The number of parasite larvae and pupae was 12.00 and 8.0, respectively, at 24-hour exposure period. The IGR Trigard showed a clear effect in the second larval instar, as the rates of cumulative mortality in larvae increased, the duration of the larval instar increased, and the rates of pupation and adult emergence rates decreased with increasing concentrations of the IGR compared to low concentrations. The results showed a direct relationship between the concentration of the IGR Trigard rates with the larvae's mortality, as the highest cumulative mortality rate reached 85.00% after 12 days of treatment at a concentration of 5000ppm. The duration of the larval instar was 4.33 days, the pupation rate was 6.22% at the same concentration, and the emergence rate of adults was 0.00%. As for the effect of the IGR on the fourth larval instar, the highest cumulative mortality rate was 80.00% at the concentration of 5000ppm after 12 days of treatment, which differed significantly from the other treatments, as well as the control treatment, which recorded a mortality rate of 20%. As for the effect on the duration of the fourth larval instar, the results of the statistical analysis indicated that there were no significant differences between the concentrations, and the highest duration was 12.33days, the results of adult emergence were the lowest, 0.00% at the two concentrations of 4000 and 5000 ppm, compared to 90.00% in the control treatment.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Copyright (c) 2024 is the Author's article. Published by the Journal of Kerbala for Agricultural Sciences under a CC BY 4.0 license
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Licensing Terms
All articles are published under a Creative Commons License and will be directed to the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0) That permits use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. This license also allows the work to be used for commercial purposes.
Use by both non-commercial and commercial users
This content is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, permitting use by both non-commercial and commercial users. Individual users may access, download, copy, display, and redistribute the articles to colleagues, as well as adapt, translate, and text- and data-mine the content, subject to the following conditions:
- The author's moral rights, including the right of attribution and the right to protect their work from derogatory treatment, are respected.
- Where content in the article is identified as belonging to a third party, users must ensure that any reuse complies with the copyright policies of the owner of that content.
- If the article content is reused for research or educational purposes, users should maintain a link to the appropriate bibliographic citation, including the DOI and a link to the published version on the journal's website.