The effect of gamma ray and sugars on increasing the concentration of cardiac glycoside compounds of Digitalis lanata In vitro

Abstract

The Explants  that was used in the experiment to stimulate the production of glycoside compounds is the tips of the vegetative branches with a length of 2 cm obtained from the stage of vegetative multiplication growing from seeds treated with gamma radiation with a dose of (0, 30) gray, the tips of the branches were planted on MS nutrient medium prepared with different concentrations Of sucrose maltose (30, 60, 90, 120) g.l-1 in independent experiments to know the effect of irradiation, sucrose and maltose in stimulating the production of cardiac glycoside compounds, chlorophyll and carbohydrates. The data showed the superiority of maltose at a concentration of 90 g.l-1 significantly over the rest of the treatments, as it achieved the highest rate of production The active compounds Digitoxin, Digoxin, and Gitoxin reached (284.42, 372.65, 327.63) µg.g-1 dry weight, respectively. They also led to an increase in the amount of chlorophyll that reached 4.11 mg.g-1, while the concentration of 120 g.l-1 maltose achieved the highest rate in carbohydrate production which reached 4.51 mg.g-1. The irradiation treatment was superior in increasing the production of the active compounds, reaching (215.78, 286.28, 250.26) µg.g-1 dry weight, respectively. It also led to an increase in the amount of chlorophyll and carbohydrates, which amounted to (3.81 and 4.53) mg.g-1respectively.