Biochemical Evaluation of The Hepatoprotective Potential of Lemon Oil and Nigella Sativa Oil in Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury

Abstract

Background: A common analgesic and antipyretic medication is acetaminophen. In therapeutic doses, it induces hepatotoxicity over an extended period of time. High dosages of it can cause centrilobular hepatic necrosis. Nigella sativa and citrus lemon both play protective roles in the fight against hepatotoxicity. In order to determine how Nigella sativa oil and lemon oil can treat hepatotoxicity brought on by acetaminophen, the current study was designed.

Method: 20 rats were sorted into 4 subgroups before being used in this investigation one control and 3 treatment groups, liver function tests   and histo-pathological examination were used to remark the liver toxicity and the hepatic-protective effects of the herbals medicine.

Results: Consuming acetaminophen raises serum liver enzyme levels while lowering total protein levels. Potential hepatoprotective effects of citrus lemon and Nigella sativa include reversing alterations in ALT, AST, Alkaline Phophatase, bilirubin, and the total protein levels brought on by acetaminophen. Moreover, the acetaminophen-induced histological alterations could be reversed.

Discussion and Conclusion: The antioxidant-rich plant extraction had hepatic protective effects by controlling cell permeation, maintaining cellular stability, and squelching the oxidative impacts. With our result shows pretreatment with lemon oil at dose (500 mg) exhibited a considerable reduction in level of (TSb, AST and significant decrease in level of ALT) this show that liver damage improves when it compared with acetaminophen-treated alone suggesting a protective effect of lemon oil. It is common knowledge that an essential oil incorporates the phenolic, ester, and aromatic and aliphatic acid components, by eliminating anion of superoxide, H₂O_2, hydroxy radical, and reducing the lipid peroxidation, many of these phenolic substances can protect cells. Acetaminophen cause liver injury.  lemon oil and black seed oil have hepatoprotective effect so administration of these natural products reduce this damage effectively in a rat model by lowering serum ALT and AST and prevent the hepatotoxicity induced by acetaminophen