Vit D and Interleukin-17 Levels in Patients with Acne Vulgaris Severity in Anbar Governorate

Abstract

Acne vulgaris is a common inflammatory skin disorder influenced by immune responses, particularly involving interleukin-17 (IL-17) and vitamin D (Vit.D). This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between serum IL-17 and Vit.D levels with acne severity. Blood samples were collected from 96 patients with acne vulgaris and 84 healthy controls in Haditha District, Anbar Governorate. Participants were matched by age and gender. Serum IL-17 and Vit.D levels were measured using Sandwich-ELISA. Results showed significantly higher IL-17 levels and lower Vit.D levels in acne patients compared to controls (P < 0.0001). Acne severity was positively correlated with IL-17 and inversely with Vit.D levels (P < 0.001). Female patients had higher IL-17 levels and more pronounced Vit.D deficiency than males. Although no direct correlation was found between IL-17 and Vit.D levels, both markers were significantly associated with disease severity and gender. ROC analysis demonstrated their diagnostic potential. In conclusion, elevated IL-17 and Vit.D deficiency are strongly linked to acne pathogenesis and may serve as biomarkers or therapeutic targets in acne management.