The Association of Biofilm Formation and Antibiotic Resistance in Staphylococcus Aureus Isolated from Otitis Media in Najaf Governorate

Abstract

Background: antibiotic resistance and biofilm formation in Staphylococcus aureus Otitis media is an inflammation of the middle ear and the tympanic membrane that often ensues upper respiratory tract infection it is causes a spectrum of diseases If inadequately treated, it results in numerous severe problems. The aim of the study was to Assess biofilm formation using the microtiter plate method and establish presence. ica operon genes that encoded of biofilm production in some strains of Staphylococcus aureus and the correlation between biofilm formation and antibiotics resistance.
Patients and methods: Out of 130 otitis media isolates, we get 40 isolates of staphylococcus aureus and identified by using conventional technique then, confirming by Vitek 2compact system technique. then performed an antibiotic susceptibility test by using the automated identification usingVITEK2® compact system [BioMérieux, France], Following that, we used the microtiter plate method [MTP] to demonstrate the isolates' capacity to formation of biofilm. Following that, we carried out an identified to ica operons [A,B,C and D that encoding biofilm formation by using polymer chain reaction [PCR].
Results: after analysis of results all isolates resistance to beta lactam at varying resistance to another antibiotics and as a following: fusidic acid [80%], tobramycin [62.5%], tetracycline [45%], erythromycin [42.5%],gentamycin [42.5%], clindamycin [37.5%] and Rifampicin [35%] respectively .while all of isolates able to formation of biofilm and difference rates as a following [27.5% ]as a strong isolates and [72 .5% ] as a moderate isolates respectively, The molecular analysis of the ica operon found that ica A was detected in 6[15%] isolates, ica B in 3 [7.5%] isolates, and ica D in 19 isolates [47.5%]. Furthermore, 6 isolates [15%] harbored and 2 [5%] isolates ica A and ica Band D, respectively. All isolate of S.aureus which taken from otitis media patients by physicians of Ear, Nose and Tonsillitis.
Conclusion: All isolates appearance high resistance to antibiotic that consider at serious health problem to individuals and populations, The findings indicated a correlation between treatment resistance and the existence of biofilm, It lowers the rate of healing or response to treatment and makes treatment more challenging and The low level of ica operon [A,B,C and D] in current study and non-correlation of biofilm formation but, entrance to detect typing of biofilm.