The Impact of the SLC5A2 Gene Polymorphism on the Treatment Efficacy of Empagliflozin in Iraqi Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

Background:

Diabetes is a prevalent, life-threatening chronic disease and one of the leading causes of death worldwide. sodium glucose co-transporter 2, is the major co-transporter involved in renal glucose uptake, and its inhibition has been shown to be a relatively new strategy for managing diabetes. The gene encoding sodium glucose co-transporter 2 is located on chromosome 16 and is also known as soluble carrier family 5 member 2. Empagliflozin is a relatively new agent that improves glycemic control by increasing glucose excretion and inhibiting sodium–glucose cotransporter 2.

The aim of study:

was to investigate the potential effects of common single nucleotide polymorphisms in the sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 encoding gene soluble carrier family 5 member 2 on diabetes-related metabolic characteristics in patients who are at risk of type 2 diabetes. Secondly, we investigated whether these single nucleotide polymorphisms have pharmacogenetic significance by potentially influencing the response of type 2 patients to empagliflozin treatment.

 Methodology:

The study participants included 50 healthy subjects and 110 diabetics who were selected during outpatient clinic visits with age range 30 to 65 years. Each subject underwent glycemic analysis, renal parameters, and genetic analysis of the soluble carrier family 5-member 2 reference SNP 121918621 polymorphism with blood samples that collected from different cities of Iraq. Each patient received 10 mg oral tablet of empagliflozin daily as monotherapy.

Results:

The findings of the study revealed significant variability with P-value less 0.05 in each of the glycemic and renal parameters among the study groups, with diabetic patients having significantly higher glycemic and renal parameters than healthy samples. soluble carrier family 5 member 2 reference SNP 121918621genotype distribution showed that (Fasting Serum Insulin, Fasting blood glucose, Glycated hemoglobin) levels did not differ significantly. The results also showed significant differences in (Serum creatinine, blood Urea) levels.

Conclusion:

The soluble carrier family 5-member 2 polymorphism is one of the genetic variables that contribute to heterogeneity in empagliflozin responsiveness in people with type 2 diabetes.