Isolation and Identification of Acinetobacter Baumannii from Different Clinical Sources and Determine Antibiotic Resistance in Karbala City

Abstract

Background: Acinetobacter baumannii one of the important multidrug-resistant opportunistic nosocomial pathogens, in part due to its high capability of acquiring resistance to different antibiotics groups.

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the bacterial infection with A.baumannii and antibiotics sensitivity pattern in Karbala city.   

Patients and Methods: Two hundred different Clinical specimens were collected from various sources from patient who admitted to Imam Hussein Medical City, the study beginning from the period January 2024 till the August 2024. The specimens which included sputum, wound, urine, blood and fluid and all specimens was collected as 40 cases.

Results: The collection specimens from patients included 40(20%) positive specimens distributed as 25 (62.5%) from females, and 15 (37.5%) from males and they were divided into: 17(42.5%) sputum, 10(25%) wound, 7(17.5%) urine,5(12.5%) blood ,1(2.5%) fluid specimen. After cultured on Blood and MacConkey agar, the isolates were identified via VITIK 2 compact system (Biomérieux, France). All isolates were tested for their resistance to 18 different antibiotics and the results exhibited that highest level of resistance in A.baumannii isolates to total antibiotics used in this study except Minocycline, Colistin and Tigecycline . Most isolates were resistant to Ticarcillin 100%, Ticarcillin/ Clavlanic Acid, Piperacillin and Meropenem (39)97.5%, Piperacillin/Tazobactam, Cefotaxime, and Ceftazidime (38) 95%, Imipenem, Ciprofloxacin and Ampicillin /Sulbactam showed resistance rate 37 (92.5%) and Cefepime 35(90%), Amikacin and Tobramycin34(85%), Gentamicin 82.5%, Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole 75%.  Our study showed the Colistin, Minocycline and Tigecycline were sensitive in the rate36 (90%), 35 (87.5) and 30(75%) respectively.

Conclusion: The study concluded that the most common cases of infection with A.baumannii bacteria in sputum, and that this bacteria has a high resistance to most antibiotics.