Enhancing the Solubility of Class II Drug Via Nanosuspension: A Review

Abstract

Poor aqueous solubility remains a significant challenge in drug development, particularly for biopharmaceutics classification system, a promising approach to enhance solubility and dissolution by reducing particle size and increasing surface area. This review explores the formulation and evaluation of nanosuspensions as an effective strategy to improve the bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. Various techniques, including top-down and bottom-up methods, contribute to nanosuspension preparation, with high- pressure homogenization and media milling being the most widely used. Selection of stabilizers plays a crucial role in preventing aggregation and ensuring long-term stability. Characterization parameters such as particle size, zeta potential, drug content, and in vitro dissolution provide critical insights in to nanosuspension performance. Recent advancements in nanosuspension technology enable enhanced therapeutic efficacy, reduced dosing frequency, and improved patient compliance. Applications extend to oral, parenteral, and ophthalmic drug delivery, offering versatility in pharmaceutical formulations. Challenges related to physical stability, scalability, and regulatory considerations require further investigation to facilitate commercialization. Future research focuses on optimizing formulation techniques, exploring novel stabilizers, and integrating advanced analytical tools for better characterization. Nanosuspensions continue to demonstrate potential in overcoming solubility limitations and enhancing drug absorption, making them a valuable approach in pharmaceutical development.