Effect of UV-C Rays in Entomopathogenic Fungi Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) to Control Apple Fruit Moth Cydia pomonella L. (Tortricidae: Lepidoptera)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.59658/jkas.v10i3.1237Keywords:
Codling moth, biological control, Entomopathogenic fungiAbstract
The study was conducted to investigate the behaviour and development of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana exposed to UV-C rays and exposure periods under laboratory conditions in pupae of the apple moth Cydia pomonella L. The results indicated that fungus exposed to UV-C rays for 5 minutes became more effective in controlling moths, compared with concentrations (2.25× 104, 105, 106 and 107 spore/ml) of fungus exposed to UV-C rays for 10 minutes. The results also showed that pupae and insects emerging from them at the age of (1-2) days were more sensitive to fungus concentrations than pupae at the age of (10-12). As the percentage of emergence decreased, with the increase in fungus concentrations. Furthermore, the levels of proteins in the blood for insects produced from pupae aged (1-2) and (10-12) days decreased to 8.30 and 16.10 µg/ml ,respectively, when were exposed to the irradiated fungus B. bassiana for 5 minutes at a concentration of 2.25x107 spores/ml. Compared to insects produced from pupae exposed to non-irradiated pathogenic fungi, that was 20.12 and 25.15 µg/ml, respectively, and in comparison with insects produced from pupae exposed to the fungus for 10 minutes at the age of (1-2) and (10-12) days, respectively, as it reached 12.50 and 26.10 µg/ml and for the same concentration. In addition to a decrease in the levels of sugars in the blood, reaching 20.00 and 24.00 ml/ µg in insects produced from pupae aged (1-2) and (10-12) days, respectively, exposed to the irradiated fungus for 5 minutes and with the same concentration. The percentages of blood components decreased quantitatively and qualitatively, as the number of hemocytes for insects that emerged from pupae exposed to the irradiated fungus for 5minutes reached 70 and 95 cells/ml, respectively, compared to 92 and 110 cells/ml for insects that emerged from pupae exposed to the irradiated fungus for 10minutes and with the same concentration.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Journal of Kerbala for Agricultural Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Licensing Terms
All articles are published under a Creative Commons License and will be directed to the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial (CC BY NC).
The Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (CC BY NC)permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.
Use by non-commercial users
For non-commercial and non-promotional purposes individual users may access, download, copy, display and redistribute the articles to colleagues, as well as adapt, translate, text- and data-mine the content subject to the following conditions:
- The authors' moral rights are not compromised. These rights include the right of "paternity" (also known as "attribution" - the right for the author to be identified as such) and "integrity" (the right for the author not to have the work altered in such a way that the author's reputation, or integrity may be impugned).
- Where content in the article is identified as belonging to a third party, it is the obligation of the user to ensure that any reuse complies with the copyright policies of the owner of that content.
- If article content is copied, downloaded, or otherwise reused for non-commercial research and education purposes, a link to the appropriate bibliographic citation (authors, journal, article title, volume, issue, page numbers, DOI and the link to the definitive published version on FSP website) should be maintained.
- Copyright notices and disclaimers must not be deleted.
- Any translations, for which a prior translation agreement with FSP has not been agreed, must prominently display the statement: "This is an unofficial translation of an article that appeared in a FSP publication. The publisher has not endorsed this translation."
Use by commercial "for-profit" organizations
Use of FSP Open Access articles for commercial, promotional, or marketing purposes requires further explicit permission from FSP (info@fspublishers.org) and will be subject to a fee.
Commercial purposes include:
Copying or downloading of articles, or linking to such articles for further redistribution, sale or licensing; Copying, downloading or posting by a site or service that incorporates advertising with such content; The inclusion, or incorporation of article content in other works, or services (other than normal quotations with an appropriate citation) that is then available for sale or licensing, for a fee (for example, a compilation produced for marketing purposes, inclusion in a sales pack); Use of article content (other than normal quotations with appropriate citation) by for-profit organizations for promotional purposes; Linking to article content in e-mails redistributed for promotional, marketing or educational purposes; Use for the purposes of monetary reward by means of sale, resale, license, loan, transfer or other form of commercial exploitation such as marketing products; Print reprints of articles can be purchased from journal.agri@uokerbala.edu.iq.
Permissions
- No special permission is required to reuse all, or part of article published by JKAS, including figures and tables for non-commercial purposes.
- Any part of the article may be reused, non-commercial purposes, without permission provided that the original article is clearly cited.
- Reuse of an article does not imply endorsement by the authors, JKAS
