The evaluation of fungus effectiveness of Tricherma harzianum and penicillium oxalicum in the control of pythim aphanidermatum fungus the causative of cucumber seeds rotting

Kadhom Hussain Kadhom Albehadi

Abstract

The study's  included isolation six isolates of the Pythium aphanidermatum and knowledge of its ability to root rot of cucumber, if that possiblityto control by using two fungi Trichderma harzianum and Penicillium oxalicum.

The results showed that all isolates fungus P.aphanidermatum was a pathogenesis at the plant cucumber was the most virulent is the isolation (P3) where the percentage of germination of the seeds of the existence of this fungus is 13.3 % compared with 80% in the control , As well as this isolation has made reductions revealed a significant differences on the rate of fresh and dry weight of  plant cucumbers where they were 0.043 and 0.0113 g, respectively, compared with 0.268 and 0.692 g, respectively, in the treatment comparison, and have achieved as well as less weight Fresh and dry root plant  where it was 0.0053 and 0.0008 g, respectively, compared with (0.0328 and 0.0054) g, respectively, for the treatment of comparison. The results showed that the fungi biological control  T. harzianum and P. oxalicum antagonistic ability against all isolates fungus P.aphanidermatum and the degree of antagonistic with isolation (P3) 2 for each of the fungi biological control  T. harzianum and P. oxalicum. The results also showed an ability of biology control fungi  T. harzianum and P. oxalicum seeds to protect and increase the percentage of germination, they were 72 and 68 %, respectively, with the presence of pathogenic fungus P.aphanidermatum while 16% in the treatment, which only add the fungi pathogen P.aphanidermatum, also achieved these two fungi T. harzianum and P. oxalicum significant difference in the growth of seedlings cucambers where they were fresh and dry weight of the total vegetative with T. harzianum and the presence of the pathogen is a fungus 0.166 and 0.019 g, respectively, and with the fungi P. oxalicum and the presence of pathogenic fungus is 0.153 and 0.014 g, respectively, compared with 0.23 and 0.006 g in the treatment , which only add the pathogen fungus was fresh and dry weight of the root  with T. harzianum and the presence of pathogenic fungus is (0.163 and 0.00113) g However respectively fungus P. oxalicum and the presence of the pathogen is a fungus 0.154 and 0.00106 g, respectively, compared with 0.0065 and 0.00023 g on the treatment , which only add a pathogenic fungus

Key words : root rot of cucumber, Pythium aphanidermatum Trichderma harzianum and Penicillium oxalicum