Importance of Complete Blood Count and it’s Derived Parameters in Type II Diabetic Patients (with and without foot ulcer).

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic condition affecting 1 out of every 11 people worldwide. Diabetic foot ulcer is one of the major consequences of diabetes, causing considerable socioeconomic and health problems. The influence of diabetes on hematological markers has been evaluated with challenged results. However, Hematological parameters may not be regularly used as laboratory diagnostic biomarkers to monitor diabetes and its consequences. Objective: to investigate the effect of DM on the hematological parameters and the diagnostic capability of discriminating such medical conditions. Method: Prospective case-control study of 49 healthy control and 98 diabetic patients (49 without diabetic foot ulcer- 49 with diabetic foot ulcer) were included. Age and sex were matched among the three studied groups. Blood sample was collected from each subject and used for complete blood count and its analysis. Result: The ratio of Male to Female was (88/59=1.49). Most of the patients were in the 5^th and 6^th decades among three studied groups. A significant difference in the mean level of Hemoglobin (HB), Red Blood Cell (RBC), Total White Blood Cell (WBC), Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Platelets, Neutrophils Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR), Platelets Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR), and Platelets Neutrophils Ratio (PNR) among the three studied groups was observed. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis documented that PLR had good discrimination power between DFU and Healthy subjects (AUC=0.814) in addition to NLR (AUC=0.802). Conclusions: PLR is simple, inexpensive, and is a useful marker for discrimination between DFU and healthy control.