A newly Diagnosed Female Breast Cancer in Karbala: Demographic, Clinical, and Histopathological Characteristics

Abstract

Abstract:

Background: Breast cancer is considered as a significant public health issue due to its high incidence, prevalence, and mortality rate. It is a multi - faceted disease with both environmental and genetic causal factors. It is the first of the 10 most popular tumors triggering public concern in Iraq, compensating for 20% of all cancers and approximately 33 percent of total of female cancers.

Materials and methods: This retrospective study was accomplished at the Breast Clinic, Al-Hussein Teaching Medical City, Karbala province, Iraq from September 2020 to March 2021. The study enrolled a randomly selected group of women (70 patients) newly diagnosed as breast cancer. The study included all women attending the breast clinic diagnosed a breast cancer based on clinical examination in combination with positive imaging findings and confirmed by pathological assessment. The data was collected for those patients including; demographical, clinical and histopathological findings and were statistically analyzed.

Results: The mean age at time of diagnosis was (52.24±10.52) years and the mean body mass index was (26.80±4.23 kg/m²). A family history of breast cancer was recorded in (21.4%) of patients. most patient were presented with painless palpable mass (74.3%). Stage II breast cancer was the most frequent stage and invasive ductal carcinoma was the most common histological type (74.3%). Most cases were expressed positive for both estrogen and progesterone receptors while was negative in (84.3%) for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2.

Conclusion: a significant proportion of breast cancer patients in Iraq have locally advanced disease with the most common complaint being a painless breast lump at time of diagnosis.

Key words: breast cancer, invasive ductal carcinoma, immunohistochemistry.