Environmental Stress Response and Toxin-Antitoxin Systems Influence bacterial Persister Formation

Abstract

Bacterial respond to extreme environment stress let them to survive and grow. One bacterial strategy to survive is persister state. Persistence enables a subset of small cells population to become a dormant, non-replicative state and avoid stress. Bacterial persister has been linked to a number of biological processes. The toxin-antitoxin system(TA) is one of the most significant persistence mechanisms in bacteria. Thus, it has been determined that bacterial toxin–antitoxin complexes are a suitable target for treatment. Through two gene, protein is encoded. toxin that targets a vital cellular function besides an antitoxin that suppresses the activation of the toxin. Toxin expression can have a Bactericide effect; they could be regarded as “intracellular molecular bombs” that may cause their host cells to be eliminated.  Therefore, current review discusses the functions of TA modules in development persister cell and the effects of environmental stress on persister cells.