The Phytochemical Compounds and the Antimicrobial Activity of Portulaca grandiflora Aqueous & Methanol Extracts in Iraq

Abstract

        Inhibitory activity against bacterial and fungal pathogens is one of the many diseases for which phytochemical compounds are useful in medicine. By using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) on the floral  parts of Portulaca grandiflora s in Iraq, several phytochemicals were extracted for this study. The study's objective is to determine the active substances found in the species' vegetative parts and evaluate their ability to inhibit pathogens. In the current study, various medical phytochemical compounds that have been isolated from Portulaca grandiflora from the floral parts that showed antifungal activity as Candida albicans and antibacterial as Proteus mirabilis. The phytochemicals of Portulaca grandiflora floral parts were exposed to gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The results revealed the  highest activity against fungal and bacteria. The study used six concentrations of the floral parts (5,10,20,40,60,80) mg/ml for both aqueous and methanolic extracts. The aqueous extract showed high inhibition against Candida fungi, It was  (0.00mm, 0.00mm, 0.00mm, 0.00mm, 12.00mm, 22.00mm) respectively in the diameter of colonies Thus,  the aqueous extract indicated high inhibition against bacteria Proteus mirabilis . It was (0.00mm, 0.00mm, 0.00mm, 10.00mm, 14.00mm, 18.00mm) separately in the diameter of colonies. The methanolic extracts of floral parts have lower inhibition rates compared to the aqueous extract.which was giving results against Candida fungi (0.00mm, 0.00mm, 4.00mm, 6.00mm, 10.00mm, 24.00mm) respectively in the diameter of colonies, so that in a  result with the  inhibition against bacteria Proteus mirabilis . It was (0.00mm ,3.00mm, 6.00mm,10.00mm, 15.00mm, 25.00mm) respectively in the diameter of colonies.   The analysis of compounds to P. grandiflora floral parts by GC-MS showed the presence of five bioactive phytochemical compounds as: Benzaldehyde :  Cyclohexene , 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-:  (S), Linalool : Naphthalene : and Cyclohexanol, 1-methyl-4-(1-methylethenyl)-, acetate.